Selenium

Selenium supplement forms studied in human research

The clearest signal on this page is around thyroid Function Autoimmune Thyroiditis Hashimotos Thyroid Antibodies and type 2 Diabetes Glucose Insulin Resistance Metabolic Syndrome, but the evidence for other effects on this page is still mixed. Other uses here are narrower, weaker, or not clear enough yet.

What the research says

Each row is a different health effect. A means the support looks strongest, B likely helpful, C mixed or modest, and — not enough human evidence yet.

C · Mixed or limited evidence
C
Thyroid Function Autoimmune Thyroiditis Hashimotos Thyroid Antibodies
The research on thyroid Function Autoimmune Thyroiditis Hashimotos Thyroid Antibodies is mixed, modest, or both. Any claim here should stay narrow and specific.
11 papers · 8 research reviews
C
Type 2 Diabetes Glucose Insulin Resistance Metabolic Syndrome
The research on type 2 Diabetes Glucose Insulin Resistance Metabolic Syndrome is mixed, modest, or both. Any claim here should stay narrow and specific.
6 papers · 3 research reviews
— · Not enough human evidence yet
Cardiovascular Disease Blood Pressure Lipids Risk Markers
Research has been reviewed for cardiovascular Disease Blood Pressure Lipids Risk Markers, but the current human evidence is still too limited or inconsistent for a confident benefit claim.
6 papers · 3 research reviews
Male Fertility Sperm Quality Reproductive Hormones
Research has been reviewed for male Fertility Sperm Quality Reproductive Hormones, but the current human evidence is still too limited or inconsistent for a confident benefit claim.
4 papers

Safety

Safety is graded separately from benefits. Read these cautions first, especially if you take medication or have a medical condition.

✓ Safe No clear harm signal in the human evidence reviewed.
Side effects and tolerability
This is a safety note, not a benefit claim. It should not be read as a green light for every person or situation.
6 direct human studies
⚠ Concerning The human evidence points to a meaningful reason for caution.
Toxicity concerns
This is a safety note, not a benefit claim. It points to a real reason for caution.
1 direct human study

Quick facts

A quick read on what this page supports right now.

Health effects reviewed
4 health effects reviewed
Best grade shown
C · Mixed or limited evidence
Benefits with support
2 uses currently show some level of supportive evidence
Safety rows
2 separate safety or caution rows
Research volume
25 unique research papers across graded uses on this page
What this means
Keep any benefit claims limited to the specific graded uses shown here.

Quality-verified products

Products that pass third-party quality testing.

Product quality data coming soon

Any future product listings should stay aligned with the specific graded outcomes and the separate safety rows shown here.

How we graded Selenium

This page shows the current public rows for Selenium: 25 unique research papers across 4 visible health effects. Safety rows are shown separately from benefit rows when available. The page includes 14 review-level papers and 13 direct human studies. Each supplement is graded by health effect using a certainty × effect matrix applied across PubMed evidence per health effect. Cochrane reviews and high-quality systematic reviews carry the most weight. See Methodology for full detail.

Read the full methodology → · Citation PDF coming soon